Backup and Transfer a LAMP(LAPP) System: Linux/Apache2/PostgreSQL/PHP

Assume we have an installed Linux system on hand. We have six parts to transfer: (1) User accounts; (2) User files (/home); (3) Database; (4) Apache; (5) PHP; and (6) crontab.

1. User accounts

Copy and transfer the following user-related files and directories:

．/etc/passwd - File - contains various pieces of information for each user account ．/etc/shadow - File - contains the encrypted password (and aging) information for user's accounts. ．/etc/group - File - defines the groups to which users belong ．/etc/gshadow - group shadow file (contains the encrypted password for group) ．/var/spool/mail - Generally user emails are stored here. ．/home - All Users data is stored here.
Do remember to "preserve (-p)" file info (permisions, owner, etc) in the transfer. Do not copy-and-paste the passwd/shadow files directly. It's recommended to only attach the human-added users into the new system user account files.

2. User Files (/home)

(1) rsync
Transfer a certain user folder:

rsync -av /home/user/ account@domain:/home/user/

Or

(2) Tar
cd /
tar -cvpf /archive_folter/home-YYYYMMDD.tar home --exclude=home/exclude_foler

Untar:
cd /destination_folder
tar -xvpf home-YYYYMMDD.tar

3. Database (PostgreSQL)

Backup (export):
Shell> pg_dumpall -U postgres | bzip2 > cluster_YYYYMMDD.bz2

Transfer (scp) and unzip (bzip2 -d) the database cluster file.

Restore (import):
Shell> psql -f cluster_YYYYMMDD -U postgres postgres

Config:
shared_buffers = 2GB (1/4 of the memory is a reasonable starting value)
work_mem = 25MB
effective_cache_size = 4GB ( 1/2 of total memory would be a normal setting)

Password File:
~/.pgpass

4. Web Server (Apache)

(1) Configuration:
/etc/apache2/*.conf
/etc/apache2/vhost.conf/*.conf

(2) Modules:
vi /etc/sysconfig/apache
Add APACHE_MODUELS: php5, headers, rewrite
Set APACHE_SERVER_FLAGS="SSL"

(3) Remove manual directory:
mv /etc/apache2/conf.d/manual.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/manual.conf.ori

5. PHP

1. Install the modules:

2. Edit php.ini (/etc/php5/cli/php.ini)

6. crontab

(1) Edit crontab
(2) Add jobs

7. References

User Accounts:
http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-move-migrate-user-accounts-old-to-new-server/
http://serverfault.com/questions/19274/how-to-transfer-user-accounts-to-a-new-linux-machine

Disk Partitioning:
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DiskSpace

Database:
https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Tuning_Your_PostgreSQL_Server



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