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Message: The Meaning of "Apperception" in Kant's Philosophy, Psychology, and Epistemology

Changed By: HP
Change Date: October 01, 2009 02:19PM

The Meaning of "Apperception" in Kant's Philosophy, Psychology, and Epistemology
This page, quoted from <a href=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apperception>wikipedia:Apperception</a>, is a response to this discussion thread initiated by gustav, hoping putting more aspects and letting us have more understanding about the frequently-used term in Kant's theory of threefold synthesis of "apperception."

P.S. Please note that the "definition" of apperception in Kant by Runes below may not be suitable or even correct, by the reminding of gustav in his argument below, which I agree. The distinction between transcendental and empirical apperception might not be meaningful, and I personally think the explanation of empirical apperception may be closer to the real meaning of apperception, thought might not being a correct or good approach.

<b>Meaning in Philosophy (Kant)</b>

In philosophy, Immanuel Kant distinguished transcendental apperception from empirical apperception.

The first is "the pure, original, unchangeable consciousness that is the necessary condition of experience and the ultimate foundation of the unity of experience."

The second is "the consciousness of the concrete actual self with its changing states," the so-called "inner sense." (Otto F. Kraushaar in Runes[1]).

<b>Meaning in Psychology</b>

In psychology, apperception is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole."[1] In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience.

Example 1: We see a fire (visual perception). By apperception we correlate the appearance of fire with past experiences of being burned. Having combined present and past experience we realize this is a situation in which we should avoid placing our hand in the fire and being burned.[2]

Example 2: A rich child and a poor child walking together come across the same ten dollar bill on the sidewalk. The rich child says it is not very much money and the poor child says it is a lot of money. The difference lies in how they apperceive the same event -- the lens of past experience through which they see and value (or devalue) the money.[3]

<b>Meaning in Epistemology</b>

In epistemology, apperception is "the introspective or reflective apprehension by the mind of its own inner states."[1]


[1] Runes, Dagobert D. (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ, 1972.
[2] From a discussion of apperception by William James, "Talks to Teachers," Chapter 14
[3] The Evolution of Perception and the Cosmology of Substance by Christopher Ott, 2004.
Changed By: HP
Change Date: October 01, 2009 05:43AM

The Meaning of "Apperception" in Kant's Philosophy, Psychology, and Epistemology
QThis page, quoted from <a href=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apperception>wikipedia:Apperception</a>
, is a response to this discussion thread initiated by gustav, hoping putting more aspects and letting us have more understanding about the frequently-used term in Kant's theory of threefold synthesis of "apperception."

<b>Meaning in Philosophy (Kant)</b>

In philosophy, Immanuel Kant distinguished transcendental apperception from empirical apperception.

The first is "the pure, original, unchangeable consciousness that is the necessary condition of experience and the ultimate foundation of the unity of experience."

The second is "the consciousness of the concrete actual self with its changing states," the so-called "inner sense." (Otto F. Kraushaar in Runes[1]).

<b>Meaning in Psychology</b>

In psychology, apperception is "the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole."[1] In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience.

Example 1: We see a fire (visual perception). By apperception we correlate the appearance of fire with past experiences of being burned. Having combined present and past experience we realize this is a situation in which we should avoid placing our hand in the fire and being burned.[2]

Example 2: A rich child and a poor child walking together come across the same ten dollar bill on the sidewalk. The rich child says it is not very much money and the poor child says it is a lot of money. The difference lies in how they apperceive the same event -- the lens of past experience through which they see and value (or devalue) the money.[3]

<b>Meaning in Epistemology</b>

In epistemology, apperception is "the introspective or reflective apprehension by the mind of its own inner states."[1]


[1] Runes, Dagobert D. (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ, 1972.
[2] From a discussion of apperception by William James, "Talks to Teachers," Chapter 14
[3] The Evolution of Perception and the Cosmology of Substance by Christopher Ott, 2004.

Original Message

作者: HP
Date: October 01, 2009 04:47AM

The Meaning of "Apperception" in Kant's Philosophy
Quoted from wikipedia:Apperception

In philosophy, Immanuel Kant distinguished transcendental apperception from empirical apperception.

The first is "the pure, original, unchangeable consciousness that is the necessary condition of experience and the ultimate foundation of the unity of experience."

The second is "the consciousness of the concrete actual self with its changing states," the so-called "inner sense." (Otto F. Kraushaar in Runes[1]).

[1] Runes, Dagobert D. (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ, 1972.