Change History

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!

Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tribes, hunters of boars are respected as heros, while hunters of bears are concerned as losers. However, after the traffic condition separating tribes from cities gets improved and the assimilation of the Han culture gets deepened, bear-commerce, which rarely happened before, becomes more common.

Black bears and cloudeds are the kings of mountains. There exist little natural enemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in </>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!

Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though d cloudeds are bes,idea kings rs wildlife conservmountains. There exist little natural enemies. The environment depred as lobecomes more promoted, sershunting activities are affigovernment legislatmain causon for wildlife conservation as well, of ratingeffectsurvival difficulty. Traditional tabootheeem to be weaker than martly conserving he Hwisdom in bears uncovers how peneaboriginal culturetransition of humanities-socio-economic conditions haes momselves.
impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!

F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!

F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!

F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e al
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白
斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌 台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白
斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌 台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白
斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> English </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> English </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌 台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白
斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所</a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>台灣黑熊研究保育網</a>
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
<a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> English </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> English </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)<i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

<a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%B2%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Bunun</a> people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E5%87%B1%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Rukai </a> and <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F”>Paiwan</a> people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In <a href:“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%AD%AF%E9%96%A3%E6%97%8F&variant=zh-tw”>Taroko (Truku)</a> legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/chinese/index.htm”>Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology</a> <a href:“http://wildmic.npust.edu.tw/iwc/english/index.htm”> (English) </a>
2. <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/Chinese/index.asp”>Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site</a> <a href:“http://tve.npust.edu.tw:8080/project/meibear/English/index.asp”> (English) </a>
3. <a href:“http://www.cna.com.tw/ShowNews/Detail.aspx?pSearchDate=&pNewsID=200901130037&pType0=READTIME&pType1=&pTypeSel=0”>CNA-News 2009/01/13</a>
4. <a href:“http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080831/78/153jz.html”>自由時報 2008/08/31</a>
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <i5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu論文集(Proceedings (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in <>第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference)</i>. 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net

[生態保育] 原住民打熊禁忌 保護台灣黑熊

台灣原住民的打熊禁忌，竟成為台灣黑熊保育的有效技術！

台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌 台灣雲豹以及台灣黑熊過去同是台灣高山霸主，但現今台灣高山卻已找不到雲豹蹤跡，倒是台灣黑熊依舊稱霸高山。據屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所追蹤研究，竟與原住民的神話與傳統禁忌有關。

布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白
斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。 布農族稱黑熊為「阿古曼」或是「都曼」，也就是魔鬼的意思，萬一獵人的陷阱不小心捕獲黑熊，必須在山中，即便保育意識日漸普及以及政府以法4.
令政策管束，效果仍不及原民自身文化中的智慧。
蓋間工寮，用火燒烤黑熊，而獵人也不能重回部落，必須等到小米收成後才可返回。魯凱族和排灣族，雖然可以獵殺台灣黑熊，但是必須付出代價，承擔古老的詛咒，在魯凱族裡，獵黑熊會引來疾病的報應，且黑熊肉限於特定人才能吃，小孩是一律不准吃的。在太魯閣族傳說中，台灣黑熊是族人所敬畏的「森林之王」，牠胸前的白斑代表「月亮」，不可以隨便獵殺，獵殺黑熊後果是家族會發生不幸。不管哪個族群，獵到山豬的獵人普遍會被當成英雄，獵到黑熊的獵人則會被鄙視。倒是隨著時代進步，原鄉與平地交通便利化，而原民文化逐漸受漢人文化影響，原本不會有的熊體買賣日漸頻繁。

黑熊與雲豹是高山的霸主，少有天敵的威脅，環境的破壞與獵捕是生存的威脅來源，傳統的禁忌巧妙地保全了黑熊，揭露予我們人文社經因素的轉移如何在人與自然的錯綜關係中發揮作用，值得我們深思。



深入資訊：
1. 屏東科技大學野生動物保育研究所
2. 台灣黑熊研究保育網
3.[Wildlife Concervation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears
中央社 2 Formosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan clouds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.
0 Bunun people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. Rukai and Paiwan people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In Taroko (Truku) legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting tr09/01/13
4. 自由時報 2008/08/31
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。
5. 黃美秀。2003。尋找保育台灣黑1. Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology English
2. Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site English
3. CNA-News 2009/01/13
4.
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in 第四4. 自由時報 2008/08/31
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in 第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference). 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net熊的鑰匙：人熊關係。第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集。野生動物保護基金會。頁87-104。

聯絡資訊：
屏東科技大學野生動物保育所黃美秀： bear1000@ms25.hinet.net



[Wildlife Conservation] Aboriginal Taboo Protects Formosan Black Bears

Taiwan aboriginal taboos against bear hunting are found to be successful conservation techniques for Formosan black bears!e
F Bunun people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which means the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. Rukai and Paiwan people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears ca5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in 第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集(Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference). 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.netn result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In Taroko (Truku) legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among these hunting triormosan cloudeds and Formosan black bears used to reign over Taiwanese mountains equally, but we can find no trace of Formosan cloudeds any more in the mountains nowadays. However, Formosan black bears' reign still go on. According to the research of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, this has to Bunun people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage do with the myths and traditional taboos of Taiwanese aborigines.

Bunun people call black bears “Aguman” or “Duman” which mean the devil. If a hunter's traps accidentally get a bear, he has to build a cottage in the mountains and burn up the body of the bear there. He has also to stay in the cottage alone away from the village until the harvest of millet gets passed. Rukai and Paiwan people are allowed to hunt bears, but the hunters have to pay the price of carrying the ancient curse in return. Rukai people believe hunting bears can result in diseases. Also not every one is allowed to eat bear meat, especially the children are strongly forbidden. In Taroko (Truku) legends, Formosan black bears are respectful “kings of the forest” whose white mark on chest represents the moon. They also believe that killing black bears result in family disasters. In general among thEven though bes,idea rs wildlife conserv as lobecomes more promoted, sersaffigovernment legislaton for wildlife conservation as well, ratingeffecttheeem to be weaker than he Hwisdom in peneaboriginal culturees momselves.
nemies. The environment depredation and hunting activities are the main causes of their survival difficulty. Traditional taboos smartly conserving the bears uncovers how the transition of humanities-socio-economic conditions has the impacts on the complex correlation between human and nature, which is worth some reflection.


Further Information：
1. Institute of Wildlife Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology (English)
2. Conservation and Research of Formosan Bears Site (English)
3. CNA-News 2009/01/13
4. 自由時報 2008/08/31
5. Hwang, Mei-hsiu (2003). “尋找保育台灣黑熊的鑰匙：人熊關係 (Finding the Key for Conserving Formosan Black Bears),” in 第四次野生動物研究與調查方法研討會論文集 (Proceedings of the 4th Research and Investigation Method for Wildlife Conference). 野生動物保護基金會(Wildlife Conservation Fund). Pp 87-104.

Contact Information：
Mei-hsiu Hwang, NPUST-IWC: bear1000@ms25.hinet.net